Historical Significance of Olives The cultivation of olives in Italy spans thousands of years. Evidence suggests they have been grown since the Roman Empire. The ancient Romans valued olives for their nutritional benefits and their oil, which was considered a luxury item. Olive oil became a staple in Roman kitchens, often serving as a base for sauces and dressings, a tradition that continues today. Today, Italy is one of the top producers of olives and olive oil worldwide. Th